The African Charter On The Rights and Welfare Of The Child

RIGHTS AND DUTIES

CHAPTER ONE: RIGHTS AND WELFARE OF THE CHILD

Article l: Member States of the Organization of African Unity Parties will recognize the rights, freedoms and duties in this Charter and will adopt laws to these rights. Any custom, tradition, cultural or religious practice that is inconsistent with these rights are discouraged.

Article 2: A child means every human being below the age of 18 years.

Article 3: Every child should be allowed to enjoy the rights and freedoms in this Charter, regardless of his or her race, ethnic group, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national and social origin, fortune, birth or other status.

Article 4: If children can voice their opinions, then those opinions should be heard and taken into consideration during legal and administrative proceadings.

Article 5: Every child has a right to live.

Article 6: Every child has tha right to be named and registered at birth.

Article 7: Every child who is capable of communicating his or her own views should be allowed to express his or her opinions freely.

Article 8: Every child has the right to free association and freedom of peaceful assembly, in conformity with the law.

Artlcla 9: Every child has the right to fædom of thought. conscience and religion

Article 10: Children have a right to privacy.

Article 11: Every child has the right to an education, to develop his or her personality, talents and

mental and physical abilities to their fullest potential. This education also includes the preservation and strengthening of positive African morals, traditional values and cultures. Governments should also take special measures in respect of female, gifted and disadvantaged children, to ensure equal access to education for all sections of the community.

Article 12: Children have a right to play and to participate fully in cultural and artistic life.

 Article 13: Every child who is mentally or physically disabled has the right to special protection to ensuæ his or her dignity, promote his self-reliance and active participation in the community.

Article 14: Every child shall has the right to enjoy the best attainable state of physical, mental and spiritual health. This includes the provision of nutritious food and safe drinking water, as well as adequate health care.

Article 15: Children should be protected from all forms of economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with their physical. mental, spiritual, moral, or social development,

Article 16: Children should be protected from all forms of torture, inhuman or degrading treatment and especially physical or mental injury or abuse, neglect or maltreatment including sexual abuse.

Article 17: Every child accused or found guilty of having broken the law should receive special treatment, and no child who is imprisoned or should be tortured or otherwise mistreated.

Article 18: Families are the natural unit and basis for society, and should enjoy special protection,

Article 19: Children should, whenever possible, have the right to live with their parents. No child should be separated from his or her parent against his or her will, except when authorties believe it would be in the child's best interest

Article 20: Parents or other persons responsible for the child should always act in the best interest of the child.

Article 21: Governments should do what they can to stop harmful social and cultural practices,

 Article 22: Childnn should not be recruited as soldiers, nor should they take a direct part in   fighting wars.

  Article 23: Refugee Children should receive appropriate protection and humanitarian assistance.

 Artich 25: Children who are separated from their parents should get special prdection and  should be provided with alternative family care. States should also take all possible steps to trace  and re-unite children with parents.

Article 26: States should address the special needs of children living under regimes practicing   racial, Ethnic. religious or other forms of discriminåion,

  Article 27: Childran should be protected from all forms of sexual exploitation and sexual abuse.

Article 28; Children should be protected from the use of narcotics and illicit use of psychotropic substances.

 Article 29: Governments should take appropriate measures to prevent the abduction, the sale of  or traffic of children for any purpose.

  Article 30: States should provide special treatment to expectant mothers and to mothers of    infarits and young children who have been accused or found guilty of breaking the law.

  Article 31: Children have responsibilities towards their families and societies, to respect their parents, superiors and elders, to preserve and strengthen African cultural values in their relation with other members of their communities.

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